Because of its dual nature as a component of a linguistic system and a set of actions in the physical world, phonetics has connections to many other branches of linguistics, including not only phonology but syntax, semantics, sociolinguistics, and clinical linguistics as well. Phonetic analysis can consist of transcription, acoustic analysis, measurement of speech articulators, and perceptual tests, with recent advances in brain imaging adding detail at the level of neural control and processing. The description of what phonetic realizations are possible in human language continues to expand as more languages are described many of the under-documented languages are endangered, lending urgency to the phonetic study of the world’s languages. Such language-specific details place phonetics solidly in the domain of linguistics any complete description of a language must include its specific phonetic realization patterns. Early theorists assumed that phonetic implementation of phonological features was universal, but it has become clear that languages differ in their phonetic spaces for phonological elements, with systematic differences in acoustics and articulation. Therefore, phonetics connects most directly to phonology and psycholinguistics, but it also engages a range of disciplines that are not unique to linguistics, including acoustics, physiology, biomechanics, hearing, evolution, and many others. Phoneticians study the anatomy and physics of sound generation, acoustic properties of the sounds of the world’s languages, the features of the signal that listeners use to perceive the message, and the brain mechanisms involved in both production and perception. Implications for forensic phonetics are discussed.Phonetics is the branch of linguistics that deals with the physical realization of meaningful distinctions in spoken language. However, when the computer's task is made more similar to the perceptual task, selecting one speaker out of two, it achieves an accuracy of 81%. Using a Euclidean metric to compare the power spectra of the sound, we find that creaky disguised voices may be correctly matched with the undisguised voice of the same speaker (9 distracters) in 5 cases out of 10. Results indicate that trained listeners without repeated presentations or instrumentation are able to match speakers with 65% accuracy when one voice is creaky, compared with 90% accuracy for undisguised voices. In addition, a method is described for speaker identification regardless of the disguise. This paper discusses the nature of the creak, and examines its effectiveness as voice disguise. On the other hand there are few references to its use as a form of voice disguise. This form of phonation occurs normally in normal speech, but it has received most attention in relation to voice pathologies. This disguise comprised a form of phonation described phonetically as 'glottal fry' or vocal 'creak'. The comparison was greatly complicated by voice disguise employed by the speaker who recorded the kidnap tape. The brief was to establish the likelihood that the tape recording may have been made by any one of three suspects, samples of whose speech were also made available. In recent legal proceedings, forensic phoneticians were called upon to analyse a tape-recorded message intended for the blackmail of a bank manager following the kidnap of his wife.
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